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EH&E ascertained the whole house air effectiveness of each air cleaner based on
continuous particle concentration measurements made in multiple locations of the check home following the introduction of a fine dust standard and fungal spores. The study was designed to permit determination of aerosol removal rate for the entire check home as well as single zones within the facility. From the information collected, the efficacy of each filtration process was characterized as whole house aerosol removal rate, whole house tidy air delivery rate (WHCADR), and indoor-outdoor ratio. Information on the nominal removal efficiency of the selected in-duct air cleaners were obtained as well.

3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 OVERVIEW
Implementation of the testing program began with the configuration and characterization of the EH&E check home from April 14 through May 6, 2005. During this period, the air handling unit (AHU) and ductwork were installed, a tracer gas process was installed, and the ventilation characteristics of the check home were determined empirically. Over the ensuing two weeks, check protocols for fungal spores and particulate matter were refined and the check home was equipped with air quality monitoring instruments including particle counters, fungal spore traps, an ozone monitor, indoor and outdoor climate sensors, and particle generating equipment.
Through June 2005, the EH&E research team done tests of fungal spore removal during operation of the AHU with selected in-duct filters. Tests were also conducted without a filter in the AHU to characterize fungal spore removal as a result of deposition within the ventilation process. In both cases, the observed particle removal rate includes deposition onto interior surfaces. This time was also used to evaluate the suitability of candidate aerosol generators for use during trials with a fine dust standard.
Tests with the fine dust standard began on June 29, 2005, and were done on September 23, 2005. During this time the 1-inch filter, 5-inch filter, EAC, Trane CleanEffects™, and portable electric air cleaners were tested. In addition, substantial work was devoted to evaluation of bypass associated with the in-duct filter carriage and AHU cabinet.
Additional fungal tests as well as tests using ambient aerosols were performed between September 23 and September 30, 2005. The fungal tests done during this period involved the EAC and Trane CleanEffects™. Additional tests of aerosol removal efficiency and bypass were conducted in late September 2005.
Reduction and analysis of check information was initiated as results of individual tests became obtainable. The bulk of the information analysis was done in August, November, and December 2005.
Environmental Health & Engineering Project #13603 Whole House Air Cleaning Process Page #16
3.2 TEST HOME
The testing was conducted in a multi-room modular home located on the property of EH&E’s headquarters in Newton, Massachusetts. Figure 3.1 depicts the location and orientation of the check home. The check home is a manufactured building with the same general characteristics as the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) check home (Persily et al. 2003).
Figure 3.1 EH&E Check Home in Newton, Massachusetts

The check home has a floor area of approximately 1,350 square feet and a ceiling height of approximately 8 feet. The interior of the check home is partitioned in to two bedrooms, a kitchen, dining room, living room, den, bathroom, hallway, and mechanical space. Figure
3.2 is a schematic of the check home layout. The total volume of the check home after adjusting for object occupying space such as cabinetry, appliances, etc. is approximately 9,761 cubic feet.

The construction details of the check home include exterior walls insulated with R-22 Kraft faced-insulation. The sheathing on the exterior walls consists of a Tyvek® air infiltration barrier and 5/8-inch wood panelling. The interiors of the walls are constructed of 1/2-inch drywall and a vinyl covering. Modular wall systems were used as interior partitions. The roof is insulated and consists of 1/2-inch plywood covered with a 45 millimeter ethylene propylene diene monomer roof membrane. The ceiling is made of suspended gypsum ceiling tiles. The floor of the facility consists of 5/8-inch plywood decking covered with either commercial carpet or vinyl composition tile. Below the floor joists, the floor is insulated with R-22 un-faced insulation. The check home has two single hung windows measuring 23 inches wide by 60 inches and two exterior doors. One door is a 36-inch by 80-inch commercial steel, while the second door is a side by side double glass door that measures 72 inches by 80 inches.
The whole house ventilation process serving the check home is a Trane Modular Variable Speed AHU, model number TWE040E13FB, and a Trane split process heat pump, model number XL14i. Air was ducted throughout the facility with a sheet metal duct process installed below the completed ceiling. Figure 3.3 depicts an example of the exposed ductwork in a bedroom.
Environmental Health & Engineering Project #13603 Whole House Air Cleaning Process Page #18

CBS) Several people in Washington state have died from carbon monoxide poisoning in recent days, apparently attempting to stay warm in the wake of a vicious storm that left their homes without power.

They seem to have used dangerous methods to heat and light their homes

Senay explained that carbon monoxide is an odorless, colorless gas that can cause sudden disease and death. It is found in combustion fumes from fire or anything that burns fuel — including vehicles, generators, portable stoves and grills, as well as household appliances such as gas ranges, furnaces, and home heating systems.

On The Early Show Tuesday, medical correspondent Dr. Emily Senay outlined several steps that can be taken to keep away from carbon monoxide poisoning.

When there is proper ventilation, which is most of the time, carbon monoxide doesn't normally cause problems. But if the gas builds up in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces, it causes poisoning when the fumes are inhaled.

Among the measures Senay suggests to help you stay safe when carbon monoxide is being produced in your midst: Don't use a generator inside, in an enclosed space like a garage, in a partially enclosed space like a carport or porch, or under a deck. Don't even run it outside in a place close to the house where fumes can get in through a window, door or air intake. Opening doors and windows or using fans won't eliminate the hazard.

Even when the power is on, Senay points out, people may be tempted to supplement their regular home heating systems with devices such as kerosene heaters and charcoal grills. These also are dangerous. Another danger comes when people don't maintain household equipment that is ordinarily safe. A blockage in the venting from devices such as furnaces, water heaters, stoves and fireplaces, also can cause a carbon monoxide buildup. So, inspect those appliances, and tidy chimneys, vents and flues at least one time a year.

Senay said symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea or vomiting and confusion. Be aware of enclosed environments in which carbon monoxide can build up, and seek medical help immediately if you or a relatives member starts having symptoms. According to the federal CDC, 500 Americans die from carbon monoxide poisoning in a typical year and over 15,000 will need treatment at emergency rooms.

To provide an early warning of the presence of carbon monoxide, Senay urges that you install detectors in your home \. and be sure to check and replace the batteries regularly.