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Seven people who died over the weekend inside a duplex in this northeast Missouri town had levels of carbon monoxide "at a level high to cause their death," Police Chief Jim Hughes said.
Though full toxicology results won't be available for a month or more, blood and tissue samples from autopsies of the victims showed carbon monoxide exposure, Adair County Coroner Brian Noe said.
Now, the inquiry is focusing on a van found in the home's garage as a possible source of the carbon monoxide, police said.
The autopsy found no evidence of injuries or signs of struggle, Noe said. Still, authorities weren't ready to rule the deaths an accident.
"We have not eliminated anything," Hughes said. "We are looking at absolutely every possibility. They haven't made a determination two way or another, nor do I expect they will for a while."
Still, some relatives took solace in the findings.
"Everyone went peacefully," said Grayling Ramsey, whose stepdaughter and two young stepgrandchildren - 23-year-old Maranda McDermott, her 1-year-old son Adam McDermott Jr. and 23-month-old daughter Melina McDermott, were among the victims.
Other victims identified Tuesday were Phillip Scruggs, 21; Rachel Findling, 21; Reginald Washington, 21; and Jeremy Liner, 19. All six lived in Kirksville. None attended Truman State University, a few blocks from the home.
The bodies were discovered by 15-year-old Heather Glaspie and two of her friends. Glaspie was the kid sitter for the two children and became worried when he could not reach their brother.
A woman living in the building's other apartment was evaluated at a hospital but was OK.
The children had a 4-year-old brother who wasn't home at the time, and who is now under the care of her grandparents, Ramsey and Lisa Lewis, McDermott's brother.
Carbon monoxide can kill silently, its victims basically going to sleep and seldom waking up.
When fire officials arrived at the scene Sunday, a sensor indicated a high level of carbon monoxide. Glaspie also said there was a strong odor when he walked in to the house.
"It had a funny smell," Glaspie said Monday night during a candlelight vigil for the victims. He said a carbon monoxide detector was beeping, but Fire Chief Randy Behrens said Tuesday the home did not have carbon monoxide detectors. He said the beeping was coming from a smoke detector - he wasn't sure if high levels of carbon monoxide could have set it off.
Forensic testing of a van parked in the garage continues. Hughes said officials weren't definite if the van had been walking.
"We expect to find in the next six days to 10 days whether the van was walking \. whether the key was on or off," Hughes said.
But Ramsey was definite the van had been walking. He said his son called the house about 1 a.m. Sunday and was told that two of the young people was in the garage, listening to music in the van.
"He probably got cold and turned it on," Ramsey said. "He probably went upstairs and beginning playing video games and forgot all about it.
"He was unaware you cannot do that. All he had to do was crack the door."
Glaspie often watched the children for McDermott, who worked two jobs at different nursing homes. The two corresponded by text message at 3 a.m. Sunday.
At 7 a.m., Glaspie tried to contact McDermott, but could not. Worried, he and two friends went to the home in the afternoon.
Glaspie's mate, Lisa Brake, said they saw McDermott on the floor of her bedroom and the other adults in the living room. The children were tucked in to bed.
"We thought they were sleeping," Brake said.
But no two would wake up. Then the two checked on the children.
"Adam was purple," Glaspie said. "We were yelling at them to get up, but no two moved."
Ramsey said he and Lewis had taken their 4-year-old granddaughter to St. Louis for Christmas shopping Sunday. They were on their way back to Kirksville when they got a phone call from Glaspie, telling them what had happened to the others.

Prior to 2006, most split process compressor failures resulted in a new outdoor unit
than a compressor replacement. This practice made nice economical sense for the contractor
and the homeowner. The contractor received a higher margin on the replacement, and the
homeowner received a new, four year compressor warranty and half of a new process. This was
completed for a price slightly over a compressor replacement alone. Efficiency did not suffer
because the 10 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) outdoor unit was replaced with a
comparable indoor unit. Fast forward to the spring of 2007; 10 SEER split equipment has all but
vanished from the warehouses. These warehouses are now full of 13 SEER and above.

The contractor, homeowner, wholesaler and manufacturer will finally suffer if proper
guidelines are not established and followed. The facts of efficiencies Two of the primary principles of increasing efficiency is to make the coil surface area larger and to reduce the compression ratio. Higher efficiencies mean larger coils. It is reasonable to understand that a 13 SEER coil is going to be larger
in volume than a 10 SEER coil of equivalent capacity.

A potential train wreck begins with the following questions:
• Can 13 SEER outdoor units be installed on 10 SEER indoor units successfully?
• Can 13 SEER outdoor unit operate “correctly” with a 10 SEER indoor coil?
• Will the result of mismatching 13 and 10 SEER units be ARI (Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute) rated? The answers to these questions are varied and vague. Most information available online seems borne of desperation and frustration. What appears to be the answer for two case is not the answer for another. In summary, reliable industry sources are not providing any clear-cut answers.

With a coil-volume increase there is a refrigerant volume increase. Here is where the problem begins. A 13 SEER outdoor unit usually contains more liquid refrigerant volume in the cooling mode than a 10 SEER unit. This liquid then must be metered in to a coil that, in most cases is smaller in volume than a 13 SEER matching coil. The increase in the SEER of the outdoor unit likely will result in lower compression ratios, thus reducing the pressure drop across a fixed orifice-as shown in Check 2-with a factory charge. Raising the capacity requires adding over two additional pounds of R-22-as Check 3 shows.

Both of these conditions will result in a rated capacity loss in cooling, higher-than-normal discharge pressures in heating, reduced efficiency and decreased indoor comfort. Also, the increased amount of liquid in the indoor coil will finally lead to compressor damage and failure to liquid flood-back.
In the ever evolving HVACR industry, the ability and the integrity to do the right thing for the consumer must always be the cornerstone of our actions Bristol Compressors Inc. has performed laboratory testing on mismatched equipment. The unit size tested was a three-ton heat pump using R-22. As is evident in, Check 4 shows that installing a thermal expansion valve (TXV) on the indoor unit was effective at increasing the SEER rating and capacity in the cooling mode, but still fell short of the 13 SEER and 36,000 Btuh. This check also indicated that the heating mode opened the high-pressure safety at 410 psig and could not be tested with the amount of refrigerant in the process. The process charge would have had to have been adjusted to make the unit operate in the heat mode. The results of these tests answered whether or not it is possible to mismatch equipment and make it operational.

They also revealed how the systems would operate in such circumstances. It seems that most of these mismatches would be a constant problem to the technician and the consumer. Manufacturers also saw a sharp increase in compressor failures and service warranty claims due to the problems encountered with these conflicting systems.

ARI’s Web-site (www.aridirectory.org) featured a Directory on Certified Product Performance that allows
users to enter the model numbers of various units-indoor and outdoor-to search the ARI directory for ratings. While researching this topic, model numbers of 10 SEER indoor fan coils and 13 SEER outdoor units were inserted. Obviously, there was no ARI match rating of any of the combinations used. To indicate to a homeowner that changing only the outdoor unit will give 13 SEER is misleading. Only ARI matches are recognized when it comes to actual efficiency ratings.

In the ever-evolving HVACR industry, the ability and the integrity to do the right thing for the consumer must always be the cornerstone of our actions. It is important to gain education and information as products improve and the market increase. History has always proved that doing it right the first time benefits everyone.

The results are in
The results show that mismatching 13 and 10 SEER units would result in up to a 40% reduction in efficiency and cooling capacity, along with a need to adjust the refrigerant charge at least two times a year. Adding a TXV is not necessarily the answer to make the unit operate correctly in both its heating and cooling modes, nor would it make the unit a 13 SEER ARI match. It seems that the correct repair to make would be to upgrade both the outdoor and indoor units to an approved matched process. This would result in optimum process performance, high efficiency and, in the long run, customer satisfaction.